Nginxをソースコードからインストール

引用： Debian 9/10 编译安装nginx – 河马的深度解析

Debian 9, Debian 10 どちらも応用できる。

インストールしたてのDebian 9もしくはDebian 10上で作業:

1. update system and install building softwares

apt update 
apt upgrade 

#some upgrades need reboot

reboot 

# install building componenets

apt install build-essential git tree

2. add nginx username and group, identical to the one nginx offical repo creates:

adduser --system --home /nonexistent --shell /bin/false --no-create-home --gecos "nginx user" --group --disabled-login --disabled-password nginx

check created user and group

vi /etc/passwd
vi /etc/group

3. download nginx dependencies source code

cd ~
wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.43.tar.gz && tar xzvf pcre-8.43.tar.gz
wget https://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz && tar xzvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1d.tar.gz && tar xzvf openssl-1.1.1d.tar.gz

4. download nginx, configure it and build it

wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz && tar zxvf nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.16.1
./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-compat --with-file-aio --with-threads --with-http_addition_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_v2_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-stream --with-stream_realip_module --with-stream_ssl_module --with-stream_ssl_preread_module --with-pcre=../pcre-8.43 --with-pcre-jit --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.11 --with-openssl=../openssl-1.1.1d --with-openssl-opt=no-nextprotoneg --with-debug

这里的configure 是按照nginx 官方repo 的配置来的，并且加上了官方推荐的pcre，zlib以及最新的openssl. 如果需要安装其他的nginx 官方module，比如说geoip module，就需要安装其他的library. 因此在绝大多数的情况下(99%)，这个configure 是推荐的configure.更清楚一点，可以参照下面:

./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx \
            --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
        --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules \
        --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
        --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
        --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
        --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
        --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
        --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp \
        --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp \
        --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
        --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp \
        --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp \
        --user=nginx \
        --group=nginx \
        --with-compat \
        --with-file-aio \
        --with-threads \
        --with-http_addition_module \
        --with-http_auth_request_module \
        --with-http_dav_module \
        --with-http_flv_module \
        --with-http_gunzip_module \
        --with-http_gzip_static_module \
        --with-http_mp4_module \
        --with-http_random_index_module \
        --with-http_realip_module \
        --with-http_secure_link_module \
        --with-http_slice_module \
        --with-http_ssl_module \
        --with-http_stub_status_module \
        --with-http_sub_module \
        --with-http_v2_module \
        --with-mail \
        --with-mail_ssl_module \
        --with-stream \
        --with-stream_realip_module \
        --with-stream_ssl_module \
        --with-stream_ssl_preread_module \    
        --with-pcre=../pcre-8.43 \
        --with-pcre-jit \
            --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.11 \
        --with-openssl=../openssl-1.1.1d \
        --with-openssl-opt=no-nextprotoneg \            
        --with-debug

make
make install

go to home

 cd ~ 

symlink /usr/lib/nginx/modules to /etc/nginx/modules

ln -s /usr/lib/nginx/modules /etc/nginx/modules
mkdir /var/cache/nginx -p
mkdir /etc/nginx/vhost -p

5. 创建systemd 模式的nginx service

nano /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

添加下面的配置

[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
Documentation=http://nginx.org/en/docs/
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s TERM $MAINPID
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

让新的service生效:

systemctl daemon-reload

start nginx service and auto start on boot

systemctl enable nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service

Check if nginx auto starts on server reboot

systemctl is-enabled nginx.service

Check nginx status

systemctl status nginx.service